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 In
this issue we look at how to teach a cultural topic through
Japanese. Often cultural topics are dealt with largely in English,
but it is possible to learn about culture through key words
and phrases in Japanese even at primary level. Secondary students
are well able to deal with aspects of culture in Japanese if
information is presented in accessible language. We have chosen
'Sumo', as this topic can appeal to both boys and girls, and
primary as well as secondary students.
The best way to engage students' interest in this topic (short
of going to a tournament!) is through video. Videos can provide
rich visual information about the historical and ceremonial
aspects of sumo, as well as the wrestlers' unique daily routine,
training and eating habits. A 13 minute video, 'Grand Sumo',
with English commentary, is available for loan from the SLC
library. A video resource, 'Japanese for Senior Students 1',
containing a segment with simple Japanese commentary on sumo,
is available from the NSW Dept of Education & Training. |
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| 1. |
With
word and picture cards made from the above chart, students
can play カードあわせ(matching
games), しんけいすいじゃく
(concentration)
and カルタ (snap). |
| 2. |
Teachers can
make an OHT of the picture chart above and students in
teams can use it to play noughts and crosses. |
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*Click
picture to view enlarged image. |
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 Sumo
wrestlers work their way up the ranks aiming for grand champion
(よこづな). The
ranking can be demonstrated by a diagram in the form of a pyramid.
Middle
years task:
Learners are given the pyramid with the ranks written in hiragana
cut into sections. They reconstitute the pyramid, and read out
the ranks.
Senior
level task:
Learners are given an empty
pyramid, and use the hints below to fill it in. |
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| RANKS |
大関、小結、序二段、横綱、序の口、関脇、十両、幕下、前頭、三段目 |
| HINTS |
| 大関は横綱の下です。 |
序の口が一番下です。 |
| 三段目は序二段より強いです。 |
前頭は小結より強いです。 |
| 関脇の上は大関です。 |
十両は幕下より強いです。 |
| 小結は関脇の下です。 |
前頭は十両より強いです。 |
| 三段目は幕下より強いです。 |
序二段の下は序の口です。 |
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Task
1: |
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At middle years level students can show their understanding
of the rules of sumo by looking at the pictures below and filling
in the sentences with the appropriate rikishi's name. |
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| 1. |
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿のかちです。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿のまけです。 |
| 2. |
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿のかちです。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿のまけです。 |
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Senior
students can look at the above pictures and use
〜たら
expressions to explain the rules. |
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eg.
力士が土俵から出たら負けです。相手を土俵から出したら勝ちです。 |
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Some
useful words are: |
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| 相手 |
opponent |
| つく |
to
push over/fall |
| おす、たおす |
to
hit/touch |
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Task
2: |
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Senior level students can be given the pictures
below and asked to explain what moves are not allowed, using
the expression |
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〜てはいけない eg. くびをつかんではいけない |
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Alternatively,
students can match the pictures to the following explanations: |
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| 1. |
くびをつかんではいけない。 |
| 2. |
かみをつかんではいけない。 |
| 3. |
ゆびをはんたいにまげてはいけない。 |
| 4. |
パンチをしてはいけない。 |
| 5. |
ひざげりをしてはいけない。 |
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Extension
task: |
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Once
students have become familiar with explanations of rules using
the above expressions, they can be given the task of explaining
the rules of other sports. |
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eg.ボールをゴールに入れたら、てんが入ります。(サッカー） |
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 Middle
years students can give themselves しこな
(rikishi names) and compete in the following kinds of sumo bouts.
Fellow students can play the roles of よびだし(ring
attendant) and ぎょうじ , calling
out the appropriate expressions. For the necessary language,
see the アラカルト
section. |
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| とんとんずもう |
Paste
or draw a どひょう on
a cardboard box, and follow the instructions in
Activity Resource 7. |
| うでずもう |
Arm
wrestling |
| ゆびずもう |
Grip
hands and try to push down the opponent's thumb
with your own. |
| しりずもう |
Stand
back to back, and try to push your opponent out
of balance with your behind. |
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Senior
students read the following article and answer the questions.
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2人の外国人横綱
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2003年の3月場所からモンゴル出身の朝青龍が横綱になりました。アメリカ・ハワイからの横綱・武蔵丸と並んで、横綱は2人とも外国出身の横綱になりました。日本の相撲界にはそのほかに、中国、韓国、ブラジル、アルゼンチン、トンガ、グルジア、ロシア、フィリピンからも力士が来ています。今、11カ国から全部で51人の外国人力士がいます。その中でいちばん多いのはモンゴルで31人です。
大ず
撲に外国人力士がはじめて入ったのは1934年、アメリカからの日系人、平賀でした。しかし、日系人ではない外国人としては1964年、アメリカ・ハワイの高見山がはじめてです。そのあと、同じハワイからの小錦や曙モンゴルからの旭鷲山などがきました。一時は、外国人力士は全体で40人までと決められていました。しかし、日本人の新弟子が減ったので、外国人力士を増やしました。今でも、毎年外国人の新弟子が入ってきます。 |
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Reference:日本語ジャーナル2001年10月号 |
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Vocabulary |
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| しゅっしん |
from
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かい |
world
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| そのほかに |
besides
that |
日系人 |
people
of Japanese descent |
| 一時は |
for a time, once |
親方 |
stable
master |
| 決める |
to
fix, decide |
しかし |
but |
| 新弟子 |
new
apprentice |
減る |
to
decrease |
| 増やす |
to increase |
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| 1. |
Which
two 外国人力士 currently
hold the rank of 横綱 ?
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| 2. |
Who
was the first 日系人力士 ?
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| 3. |
Who
was the first 外国人力士 ? |
| 4. |
Which
foreign country's 力士 are
the most numerous? |
| 5. |
Name
3 other nationalities of 力士. |
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Students
then discuss the future of sumo, following the instructions
below. |
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Useful
websites:
Sumo Association -
http://www.sumo.or.jp
Sumo teaching resources - http://www.sumo-canada.co.jp |
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