 |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
In
our last issue we focused on the development of writing skills,
the construction of coherent sentences and the effective use
of conjunctions in the context of 'Me and My Family'.
Please have a look on our website at the new on-line exercise
for practicing conjunctions using Swarthmore Makers authoring
tool! This site also allows you to edit the text, and make similar
exercises by just copying and pasting in your own text. It is
very quick and easy.
Go to http://lang.swarthmore.edu/cloze/dearsensei1_page.htm
to try our exercise and if you would like to make your own exercise,
try http://lang.swarthmore.edu/makers/index.htm
In this issue we would like to focus on writing compositions.
You may think students know all the sentence patterns and vocabulary
to complete the task, but it is not always obvious to students
what to write if they haven't learnt to break down the question
and haven't practiced constructing a composition. At senior
level, students are required to write in different text types
such as letter, report, e-mail etc. Students not only have to
know what to write, but also what style they should write in
for a particular text type. The writing process involves several
steps which students need to be aware of, and which they need
to go through whether they are doing a writing task as schoolwork
or in an exam. |
| |
|
| |
 |
| |
Write
a personal profile to attach to an application for a short-term
scholarship to Tokyo.
[from: HSC Online, Continuers, Writing Personal World
Part A http://hsc.csu.edu.au/japanese/]
|
|
| |
This
is an example task from the NSW DET HSC website. I have chosen
this task as it is simple and easy to break down and most of
the students are familiar with the topic. However, the procedure
can be applied to any writing task.
First of all, analyse the task with your students by asking
questions. For example: What is the text type? What is the topic?
Who are you writing to? Who will read it, and therefore what
Japanese style should be used? Formal or informal? and so on.
You may make a chart like this and ask your students to fill
it in. |
| |
|
| |
| Text
type |
Topic |
Target
reader |
Style |
| (例)personal
profile |
about
me |
Japanese
coordinator |
polite
です/ますフォーム |
|
|
| |
|
| |
 |
| |
Ask
students to discuss in groups what kind of information should
be included and make a list of sub-topics / key points. They
may do this in either English or Japanese.
If your students are struggling to come up with ideas, you may
give them a sample composition as a reference. But this is only
for the purpose of picking up an idea or some keywords, not
for copying the content. For this task you could look at Yamamoto
Takayuki's profile from the Japan Forum's Deai resource kit
and write out the sub-topics / key points. |
| |
| はじめまして山本隆幸(です。1982年(4月(に京(都(で生(まれました。今(、高校(3年生(で、大阪(の高校(に通(っています。子(どものときからスポーツが得(意(で、小学校(3年生(のときからずっと、アメリカンフットボール(アメフト)をしています。高校(でもアメフト部(に入(っています。チームは全国(大会(で、2年(続(けて優勝(しました。ぼくは生(まれつき難聴(ですが、がんばってアメフトを続(けています。ぼくの趣(味(はショッピングで、クラブがない日(は、ショッピングに出(かけたりします。将来(は、アメフットの強(い大学(に入(りたいと思(っています。お願(いします。 |
|
|
| |
[例(]なまえ、学年(、生年(月日(、うまれたところ、すんでいるところ、学校(、趣味(、将来(、...etc |
| |
|
| |
You
may discuss with your students if additional information needs
to be included. In this case, it could be information such as
a reason for applying for the scholarship or a history of your
Japanese study. |
| |
|
| |
[Review
relevant language] |
| |
After
the students have decided what to write, they can focus on the
grammatical expressions needed. |
| |
 |
talking
about future plans - 〜たいと思(っています。/ 〜つもりです / 〜よていです。 |
 |
giving
reasons for applying for the scholarship - ので |
|
| |
|
| |
 |
| |
| なまえ: |
ジェレミー/ウッド です。 |
| とし/学年(: |
16さいで、高校(2年生です。 |
| うまれたところ: |
イギリスでうまれました。 |
| すんでいるところ: |
シドニーにすんでいます。 |
| 学校(: |
シドニー高校(にかよっています。 |
| しゅみ、とくぎ: |
しゅみはおんがくをきくことです。スポーツがとくいです。日本語を話すのが好きです。
|
| 将来について: |
日(本(語(のせんせいになりたいと思(っています。 |
| おうぼのりゆう: |
日(本(語(をもっと勉強(したり、文(化(を学(びたいので、このしょう学金(におうぼしました。 |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
 |
| |
Look at the points
in Step 3 and see which sentences can be combined. Please refer
to the last issue on linking sentences with conjunctions.
For example: |
| |
 |
〜でうまれました。 + 〜にすんでいます。 ⇒ 〜でうまれて、〜にすんでいます。 |
 |
〜さいです。 + 高校(〜ねんせいです。 ⇒ 〜さいで、高校(〜ねんせいです。 |
 |
〜をすることがとくいです。 + 〜になりたいと思(っています。
|
| |
⇒ 〜をすることがとくいなので、〜になりたいと思(っています。 |
|
| |
|
| |
 |
| |
Opening/Introduction |
(例)
はじめまして、ジェレミー・ウッドです。イギリスに生(まれてシドニーに住(んでいます。今(、16歳(で高校(2年生(です。
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
(例) 日(本(語(をもっと勉強(したり、文(化(を学(びたいので、このしょう学金(におうぼしました。どうぞよろしくおねがいします。
|
|
|
| Body |
Closing/Conclusion
|
|
| |
|
| |
Encourage
students to use conjunctions such as the ones below to create
a coherent paragraph with a logical flow. |
| |
| まず |
first
of all |
| そして |
and
in addition, |
| それから |
and
then, |
| それに |
besides,
in addition to that |
| つぎに |
following,
after, next, |
| また |
also,
|
|
| |
Give students a
variety of tasks to do using this procedure. When students have
become familiar with the steps, some may be omitted. The more
students compose texts, the more familiar they will become with
different text types. On the following page, I have included
some different example tasks in different text types. |
| |
|
| |
 |
| |
Task
1 |
| |
[from:
HSC Online, Continuers, writing,
Living in Japan]
You are an exchange student in Japan. Write a report
for your Japanese school newsletter comparing Australian
and Japanese schools. |
|
|
| |
| Title: |
オーストラリアと日(本(の高校( |
| Opening: |
みなさんは、オーストラリアの高校(のことを知(っていますか? |
| Body: |
|
| Closing: |
オーストラリアの学校(は日(本(とちがうところがたくさんありますが、にているところもこんなにたくさんあるんですよ。おもしろいですね。 |
|
| |
|
| |
Task
2 |
| |
[from:
HSC Online, Continuers, Writing, Personal world
Part A].
You are going to host a volunteer Japanese assistant
in your school and home for three months. Write
a letter to him or her describing your neighbourhood
and school. |
|
|
| |
| Greetings: |
こんにちは ゆみさん。 お元(気(ですが。 こちらはだんだんあたたかくなってきました。 きょうは、ぼくの住(んでいる町(や学校(について書(きます。 |
| Body: |
|
| Closing
remarks: |
ゆみさんに会(うのを楽(しみにしています。 しんぱいしないでくださいね。 また、てがみを書(きます。 では、また。 3月(3日( ジェレミー・ウッド |
|
| |
|
| |
Task
3 |
| |
[from:
HSC Online, Continuers, Writing, World of work Part
B].
You are going to host a volunteer Japanese assistant
in your school and home for three months. Write
a letter to him or her describing your neighbourhood
and school. |
|
|
| |
| Title: |
(例) 高校(生(のなんでもや (handy
man) |
| Opening: |
(例() シドニーの高校(生(がなんでもやをはじめました。 |
| Body: |
|
| Closing: |
(例() やすくて、はやくて、べんりです。 一(度(たのんでみてください。 |
|
| |
|
| |
This
section co-ordinated by HimikoNegishi-Wood
|
| |
|
| |
Privacy
& Copyright © The Japan Foundation, Sydney |
| |
|
| |
|